CNC lathe is the abbreviation of digital program control lathe. Through digital information, it controls the machine tool to follow the given trajectory to perform automatic processing of electromechanical integrated processing equipment.
After half a century of development, CNC machine tools have become important in modern manufacturing. One of the signs is that in China’s manufacturing industry, the application of CNC machine tools is becoming more and more extensive, which is a reflection of the comprehensive strength of an enterprise.
CNC lathe is a high-precision and high-efficiency automatic machine tool. The use of CNC lathe can improve the processing efficiency and create more value. The emergence of CNC lathe freed the enterprise from the backward processing technology. The processing technology is similar, but because the CNC lathe is a clamping, continuous automatic processing completes all turning procedures.
The CNC lathe is composed of CNC device, bed, spindle box, tool post feed system, tailstock, hydraulic system, cooling system, lubrication system, chip conveyor and other parts.
CNC lathes can be further divided into economical CNC lathes, ordinary CNC lathes and turning machining centers according to their functions.
- (1) Economical numerical control lathe: a simple numerical control lathe formed by using a stepping motor and a single-chip computer to transform the turning feed system of an ordinary lathe. The cost is low, the degree of automation and function are relatively poor, and the turning machining accuracy is not high. It is suitable for turning machining of less demanding rotary parts.
- (2) Turning machining center: On the basis of ordinary CNC lathe, C axis and power head are added. The machine tool also has a tool magazine, which can control X, Z and C coordinate axes. The linkage control axis can be (X, Z), (X, C) or (Z, C). Due to the addition of C-axis and milling power head, the machining function of this CNC lathe is greatly enhanced. In addition to general turning, it can also perform radial and axial milling, curved surface milling, and holes and diameters whose centerline is not at the center of rotation Drilling of holes, etc.
- (3) Ordinary CNC lathe: it is specially designed on the structure according to the requirements of turning processing and equipped with a universal CNC system to form a CNC lathe. The numerical control system has strong functions, and the degree of automation and processing accuracy are also relatively high. It is suitable for the turning processing of general rotary parts. This CNC lathe can simultaneously control two coordinate axes, namely x-axis and z-axis.
The hydraulic chuck is an important accessory for clamping the workpiece during CNC turning. Ordinary hydraulic chucks can be used for general rotary parts; special chucks are required for parts whose clamping parts are not cylindrical; direct using bar Spring chucks are required when machining parts.
For parts with a large ratio of axial dimension to radial dimension, it is necessary to use the hydraulic tailstock to support the tail end of the part to ensure the correct processing of the part. The tailstock has ordinary hydraulic tailstock and programmable hydraulic tailstock.
