There are three kinds of guide rails in the cnc machining center. According to the conflicting nature of the contact surface, there are three types of static pressure guide rails, sliding guide rails, and rolling guide rails. The differences between these three guide rails are relatively large. Everyone must be aware of this when performing cnc processing. Understand, the following editors will briefly introduce their advantages and disadvantages.
There are three kinds of guide rails in the cnc machining center. According to the conflicting nature of the contact surface, there are three types of static pressure guide rails, sliding guide rails, and rolling guide rails. The differences between these three guide rails are relatively large. Everyone must be aware of this when performing cnc processing. Understand, the following editors will briefly introduce their advantages and disadvantages.
CNC machining aluminum parts
The advantages of the three are as follows:
1. There is an oil cavity between the two rail working surfaces of the liquid static pressure guide rail. After the lubricating oil with a certain pressure is passed, a static pressure oil film can be formed, so that the appearance of the guide rail is in pure liquid conflict, no wear, and the accuracy is maintained Good; together, the conflict coefficient is also extremely low, which greatly reduces the driving power; low speed without creeping, large load capacity and good rigidity; in addition, the oil has a vibration absorption effect and good vibration resistance. Static pressure guide rail can be divided into liquid static pressure guide rail and gas static pressure guide rail.
2. The sliding guide rail has the advantages of simple structure, convenient production, good rigidity and high vibration resistance. The guide rail plastics are commonly used in PTFE guide rail soft tape and epoxy wear-resistant guide rail coating. The characteristics of the plastic sliding guide rail are good conflict characteristics, good wear resistance, smooth movement, good vibration reduction and good manufacturability.
3. Rolling guide rails place balls, rollers, needles and other rolling bodies between the guide rail surfaces, so that the sliding conflict between the guide rail surfaces becomes a rolling conflict. Compared with the sliding guide rail, the rolling guide rail has the advantages of high activity and little difference between the dynamic and static conflict coefficients, so the movement is smooth, and the creeping phenomenon is not easy to appear when moving at a low speed; (high positioning accuracy, repeated positioning accuracy can be Up to 02um; conflict resistance is small, movement is easy, wear is small, accuracy is maintained, and life is long. However, the anti-vibration of the rolling guide rail is poor, and the protection requirements are high.
What are the disadvantages of the three?
1. The disadvantage of the static pressure guide rail is the messy structure. The oil supply system is required, and the cleanliness of the oil is required to be high. Hydrostatic guide rails are increasingly used in machine tools. The hydrostatic guide rail of the CNC turret punch press can be divided into two types: open and closed.
2. The disadvantage of the sliding guide rail is that the static conflict coefficient is large, and the dynamic conflict coefficient changes with the speed. The conflict loss is large, and it is prone to creeping at low speed / (1-60mm/min/), and then the positioning accuracy of the moving parts is reduced. Therefore, in addition to economical CNC machine tools, it is no longer used in other CNC machine tools. At present, most CNC machine tools use plastic guide rails, that is, a layer of plastic film soft tape composed of plastic and other chemical materials is stuck on the conflicting surface of the moving guide rail.
3. The disadvantage of the rolling guide rail is that the damping is small and it is easy to cause overshoot or oscillation, the rigidity is low, the manufacturing is difficult, and it is sensitive to dirt and track surface errors. The rolling guide is especially suitable for the occasions where the working parts of the machine tool require uniform movement, active movement and high positioning accuracy.
